The so-called solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs) are highly efficient energy conversion devices (>80% LHV) with higher production yields and lower specific electric energy than competing electrolysis technologies (5 kW h Nm −3 for alkaline and >6 kW h Nm −3 for PEM). Alternatively, the same devices operated in reverse mode are energy storage units able to produce storable hydrogen from electricity and water. 1,2 This efficiency can reach values as high as 90% (LHV) in combined heat and power units (CHP), 3 with SOFCs being one of the most efficient energy generation devices currently existing. Introduction Solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) are zero-emission power generators able to convert hydrogen into electricity with efficiency (LHV) above 60% over the whole range of kilowatt scales. This enhancement by design combined to the proved durability of the printed devices (less than 35 mV/1000 h) represents a radically new approach in the field and anticipates a strong impact in future generations of solid oxide cells and, more generally, in any solid state energy conversion or storage devices. Corrugated devices presented an increase of 57% in their performance in fuel cell and co-electrolysis modes, which is straightforwardly proportional to the area enlargement compared to the planar counterparts. Conventional planar and high-aspect ratio corrugated electrolytes were 3D-printed with yttria-stabilized zirconia to fabricate solid oxide cells. In this work, a new family of highly performing electrolyte-supported solid oxide cells were fabricated using stereolithography. Among others, electroceramic-based energy devices like solid oxide fuel and electrolysis cells are promising candidates to benefit from using 3D printing to develop innovative concepts that overcome shape limitations of currently existing manufacturing techniques. This will give rise to the next generation of enhanced devices ready for mass customization. 3D printing of functional materials will revolutionize the energy sector by introducing complex shapes and novel functionalities never explored before.
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